Everything about Political Cartoon totally explained
An
editorial cartoon, also known as a
political cartoon, is an illustration or
comic strip containing a
political or
social message, that usually relates to current events or personalities.
Modern political cartoons
Editorial cartoons can usually be found on the
editorial page of most
newspapers, although a few, like
Garry Trudeau's
Doonesbury are sometimes found on the regular
comics page. Recently, many radical or minority issue editorial cartoonists who would previously have been obscure have found large audiences on the
Internet.
Editorial cartoons can be very diverse, but there's a certain established style among most of them. Most use visual metaphors and caricatures to explain complicated political situations, and thus sum up a current event with a humorous or emotional picture. Their purpose is to bring across a message to people and try to make the people think the same way. In modern political cartooning two styles have begun to emerger. The traditional style, involving visual metaphors is described as the 'nasti' style (named after
Thomas Nast), and the more text heavy 'alti' style that tells a linear story, usually in comic strip format. Although their style, technique or viewpoints may differ, editorial cartoonists draw attention to important social and political issues.
Although most western editorial cartoonists by necessity occupy the middle political ground, this is by no means true of all cartoonists and there's a spectrum of political commentary in cartoons which runs from the extreme right through the centre to the extreme left. Diverse religious and cultural ideologies and reactions to them are also represented and can produce work that affects the reader.
History of political cartoons
Beginning in the 1720s,
William Hogarth produced many satirical works which were widely circulated.
Benjamin Franklin's
Join or Die (1754) supported the
French and Indian War and was later recycled for the
Revolutionary War. In 1799, Francisco
Goya created a series of etchings called
los Caprichos intended to make political statements about the issues of the day, related to his later series depicting the disasters of war. Both made humorous comment on the trends and current events of his time.
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Political cartoons were common during
World War I and
World War II, mainly as
propaganda for various countries' war efforts. In the US, Great Britain, and Canada, anti-Japanese and -German works were common, while in those countries, the opposite was so. At this time there were also some
pacifists in various countries who produced political cartoons. In the United States, during and since the
Vietnam war, many political cartoonists were published in
underground newspapers, comic books, pamphlets, and
zines.
Over the years, some common metaphors and symbols have been repeatedly used by many different cartoonists. Examples include the use of
Uncle Sam to represent the United States,
John Bull,
Britannia or a lion to represent the United Kingdom, a beaver to represent Canada, a bear to represent Russia, a dragon to represent China, and so forth. Some symbols have become entrenched in modern culture, such as a "
capitalist" being represented in a top hat, which can still be seen on modern
Monopoly games.
Politicians are sometimes not able to separate themselves from the characters cartoonists create, especially if many cartoonists use similar elements.
Richard Nixon and
Joe Clark are prime examples of this phenomenon.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Political Cartoon'.
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